Doctorow, who’s a prolific writer, describes our current moment as a “dark age of publishing”:
This may be the golden age of scams, but it’s the dark age of publishing. Consolidation in distribution has gutted the power of the sales force to convince booksellers to stock books that the publisher believes in. Consolidation in publishing—especially Amazon, which is both a publisher and the largest retailer in the country—has stacked the deck against books looking for readers and vice-versa (Goodreads, a service founded for that purpose, is now just another tentacle on the Amazon shoggoth). The rapid enshittification of social media has clobbered the one semi-reliable channel publicists and authors had to reach readers directly.